A Pestle Analysis of Tourism Industry Essay

Using the PESTEL framework, identify and discuss the key factors in the macro environment that influence the tourism industry. Political A large influence on the tourism industry underside be the perceptual constancy of government. If the government in unstable it flowerpot be viewed as dangerous and unpleasant to visit. This can kick in a huge impact on that countries tourism chips. Some governments also choose to make obtain tax-free for tourists, as tourists have the right to claim back VAT (Value-Added Tax)/GST (Goods and Services Tax).By make shopping in foreign countries tax free it has attracted tourists to these countries. As stated in case champion terrorist attacks in 2001 had a huge impact on the tourism industry. People were worried for their asylum so were much to a greater extent sub out-of-pocketd to travel. at that placefore it has been important that the government implemented tighter security and immigration laws. economical Exchange rates can have an imp act on tourism, as when currency strengthens or weakens it can affect spending abroad.For eccentric when the British pound is strong against the U.S dollar it influences Britons to travel overseas to the US, as they get more for their dollar. However it has a negative effect on UK tourism as the Americans are put off travelling to the UK and instead look to holiday in locations at bottom the US (The Guardian, 2007). With the British Pound still being strong against other currencies this is relevant to the Tourism Industry today. (Rates List, 2012) involvement rates can too have an effect on the tourism industry. If interest rates enlarge payments to loans also increase, thitherfore wad who have loans consequently have less useable income.With less disposable income people are less inclined to spend it on luxury items, like holidaying. However, in the actual state interest rates in the UK are expected to stay low (0. 5%), due to the on-going recovery from the Eurozone crisis (BBC, 2012). Furthermore with the current economic recession people are still struggling, some raze to hold down jobs. Consequently, people have less money and cant afford much(prenominal) extravagant holidays, like going overseas for long periods of time. Therefore shorter and cheaper holidays look far more appealing, for instance travelling by car just for a weekend.Social There is an aging population in many countries. With an aging population the needs of the market will change. People who are in a later time of their life have different needs and wants. There are more and more people who are in their later years who want to travel, to cater for this it may mean denote focused more on comfort and relaxation rather than thrill ridden activities. There is an ever change magnitude attitude for positivity towards going green. People are purposely searching to only procure products from companies with sustainable practises in place.Hence, it is important for the tourism industry to deport on these attitudes as well, as it is enough an important part of our society today to have environmental policies incorporated into everyday business practises The Asian population is increasing at a rapid pace. There are 3. 9billion people in Asia, which is 60% of the worlds population. As stated in the 2010/11 ITB World Travel Trends Report, By 2020, the number of Chinese outbound travellers could double and the number of Indians travelling abroad could grow fivefold. This would raise both countries within a decade to the top six outbound markets worldwide. This shows just how quick China and India are congruous powerful players in the tourism industry.Technological In our world today new technologies are unendingly being made to be faster and more efficient as people want things to take less and less time. Internet has made a huge influence on the tourism industry. There has been a steady incline of online sales. For example in 2005 online bookings for TUI were 15% , which had doubled in 2008 to 30% (Viardot, 2009). reservation online has made it much easier for individuals to book their own holidays.As well that with online bookings it onlyows for the customers to do their own research of where the trump out places for them to go is, rather than using a travel agent. Secondly, technologies are so advanced now that communicating with people around the globe is made much easier. For instance, people on opposite sides of the world can chat easily, possibly even to strangers. This leads to the new trend that people can blog and communicate their thoughts to millions of people with a simple click of a button. This new way of communicating can have a huge impact on the tourism industry.People all over the world are manduction their thoughts and feelings about everything they do, whether thats a new product or an exciting new experience. Environmental In this current decade environmental concerns have greatly became a huge influence in all busin ess industries. Aviation is a large part of tourism. Sadly it is also a huge subscriber to CO2 emissions. An increase in carbon emissions is a major threat to climate conditions. Consequently there have been more taxes placed on air travel. This increase in taxes will raise the prices of immobile therefore could discourage people to go abroad.Natural disasters can also affect a bucolics tourism. People are less likely to travel somewhere which is viewed as dangerous and second the disaster could ruin tourist attractions. Legal There are a lot of laws and regulations regarding aviation safety (Department of travel, 2009). Following regulations is important as to ensure everything is done to prevent any problems. As if people miss faith in airlines being safe it could have an impact on tourism. Another legal purpose is that when companies merge or work with companies in different countries they need to be aware of the laws and regulations overseas.