Have people become overly dependently on technology Essay

A lot of people will deny the fact that technology isn’t a dependency. Technology realistically is something our generation believes we cannot live without. Even though technology benefits our lives greatly, sometimes it’s too much. Technology governs us from the moment we wake up, with an alarm, to the moment we want to lay down and relax, with some television. For example the moments I have forgotten my phone at home I feel a sense of emptiness, I even feel imaginary vibrations from time to time. Read more:  Dependent on Technology Essay â€Å"I’ll just Google it†. I can’t even begin to count how many times I’ve heard people say that phrase. It’s such a convenience to type something in our phone or computer and in seconds get the answer we were looking for. Before you would have to actually find a library and read on the subject now it’s just a click away. Technology to me is like a crutch on learning. I have friends that don’t even pay attention in class or do anything in school and when you ask them about home work their answer is ill just Google it when I get home. Our generation has become boring in a sense. Our idea of fun is texting, tweeting, posting and editing pictures. Very rarely do you see anyone out playing a sport or actually interacting as a group, except maybe in a club and even with that you see them detached from society and on their phone. Also, dating is done now days on a computer. I can’t begin to name how many sites there are to find a partner. Good morning texts are a sign of being â€Å"romantic† in our generation, there is no such thing as an actual loving gesture. You don’t get to know someone anymore by going out on dates or talking face to face now all the interaction is done by texting, when you actually get to see the person you read all you need to know because of the constant texting. If you give me and address and I don’t have my cell phone with my GPS I will never get to where I have to be. Almost no one now days can get from one point to the other without a GPS. Unlike our generation, my mother’s generation for explain, you can give them an address and most of them will  know how to get to the address with no problem. They did not need to depend on technology. After my research on this topic it’s become very, but very clear that our generation definitely lets technology run their lives. Imagine something happens and all technology was terminated, I don’t know where we would put our self with the dependency we have with our phones, computers, GPS, and televisions. Yes, technology make life easier and faster but sometimes easier and faster isn’t the best thing.

Imagine you are Arthur miller Essay

This may be because they lack the language to express themselves fully or because they do not want to put their ideas into words. Eddie and Beatrice’s relationship is deteriorating because Eddie is jealous of Rodolfo. Beatrice is aware of a deeper, more disturbing reason for Eddie’s protectiveness for Catherine. It soon becomes clear that she is unhappy about Eddie’s attitude to his niece and she is able to persuade him to allow Catherine to start work when she gets offered one. Beatrice repeats the words â€Å"What do you want from me? † over again. â€Å"When am I going to be a wife again, Eddie? † She wants to know if he still loves her because they haven’t talked or had any physical or sexual relationships which means that part of their relationship with each other has broken down, and despite challenging Eddie over this, Beatrice is unable to make him face why this might be, let alone make him admit his weakness to himself, as a result of this she remains powerless to help him. Beatrice realized she had to tell Eddie that he wants â€Å"somethin’ else, Eddie, and you can never have her! † This key dialogue within the play not only causes Catherine and Eddie’s relationship to deteriorate, but because Eddie will not allow her to try to achieve adult hood; he is possessive and controlling. It is this urge to protect Catherine, to keep her from discovering her independence, that makes him particularly sensitive to the presence of Marco and especially Rodolfo, to whom Catherine becomes attracted. Catherine sometimes sits on the edge of the bath, in her underwear, talking to Eddie while he shaves. This shows how close they once were but also hints at the inappropriate crossing of boundaries, that leads to the eventual break up in their relationship. But, Catherine finding work, her growing attraction towards Rodolfo, which leads to their planned marriage, brings out an increasingly aggressive reaction in Eddie that starts to break the family apart. Eddie is suspicious of Rodolfo’s interest in Catherine, believing that he seeks to marry her in order to gain the American Citizenship. It becomes clear to Catherine that Rodolfo’s intentions towards her are motivated by his love for her. Eddie’s dislike not to be Catherine’s affections, as well as his desire for her, which forces him to talk with Alfieri for advice and which, even after Alfieri has told him to let events follow their natural course. This pushes Eddie to betray Eddie and Rodolfo. At the end, Catherine says â€Å"Rat in the sewer† and is always shouting which shows how much their relationship has disappeared. She becomes more rebellious and independent and Beatrice becomes increasingly frustrated as she realizes how the events will go. Eddie’s aggression towards Rodolfo is shown in the boxing scenes. Eddie’s main problems with Rodolfo are that he cooks; he sings; he’s blonde; he sews; he dances and seems to be extremely feminine overall. To Eddie all the talents that Rodolfo is showing, points to only one thing in his eyes: he’s gay. Most of the time Eddie doesn’t know all the facts and jumps to conclusions, he refuses to see sense â€Å"his eyes were like tunnels†. Eddie cannot be persuaded otherwise, he is self centred and doesn’t care whose feelings he hurts as long as he proves his point. Eddie and Rodolfo are completely different. Physically Eddie has brown hair, quite well built, straightforward and simple where as Rodolfo has blonde hair, lighthearted, good looking and light on his feet; their language, even though English is Rodolfo’s second language, he is able to express himself more passionately and imaginatively then Eddie. Rodolfo and Eddie’s attitudes differ because of the generation gap and Eddie has more experience about things, he’s older and ‘wiser’. Rodolfo asks a lot of questions about things and wants to get a job, buy a motorcycle, and have dreams and fantasies of his future life. Marco and his structure, in comparison to Eddie, is similar in the fact that they both show signs of bulk and muscle and both enjoy to work hard for their family. That is why they got along in the beginning. Their interaction with each other clearly shows that Eddie preferred talking to Marco rather than Rodolfo. At the end of act 1, Marco gives Eddie a physical threat with â€Å"the chair raised like a weapon over Eddie’s head†. Marco shows Eddie ‘how to’ lift the chair and Eddie tries but fails again and again. Marco tried to scare Eddie but he has to get the message first. Marco lifts the chair over his head and gives Eddie a glare of warning and triumph. Eddie’s grin disappears as he finally gets the message. At the end of act 5 shows just how far Eddie was determined to go to try and get his name back from Marco. Eddie gets killed by Marco because he turned both Marco and Rodolfo into the Immigration Bureau. This act of betrayal on members of his own extended family allows the tragedy, which Alfieri foresaw at the beginning and he knew he wouldn’t be able to prevent these things happening. Though despite Alfieri’s best efforts, Marco is set upon getting revenge for his betrayal, while Eddie is determined to maintain his reputation and honour. Eddie felt that the only way he could get his respect from the people back was to try and kill Marco. They finally come face to face in view of the neighbourhood and the unpreventable tragedy happens. Marco was stronger and it was Eddie’s own knife and arrogance that killed him. This scene is where Catherine and Beatrice admit that they really do care for Eddie. Thank you for writing to me Albert, I hope my advice aids your performance in the play. Yours sincerely, Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Arthur Miller section.

Land law in ksa and uk Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Land law in ksa and uk - Essay Example The Rules of land Laws in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia In Saudi Arabia, the greater percentage of total land is owned by the government. Private individuals own only the property in the urban area and land which is cultivated in the rural areas. The law stipulates that all land titles deeds must be registered. However, accurate information on the extent of land registration does not exist (Sait & Lim, 2006). Initially, the law stated that real estate could only be owned by the native citizens until when the property laws were amended to give the right to foreigners to also own property. However, for individuals who are not citizens of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to invest in property there is a need for them to seek council of ministers approval. Three categories of land exist in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. These include developed land, undeveloped land, and protective zones. Developed land constitutes constructed environment of towns and villages and land, which has been agriculturally developed. The law states that this land may be sold, bought, or inherited. Land, which is not developed, constitutes grazing pasture and wilderness. Grazing land and pasture is a common good. As such, the law authorizes every citizen to use it. However, the wilderness is a state property, which may be open to all unless the state imposes some restrictions. The Saudi land law uses the Waqf. This is a form of land ownership in, which a Saudi national has the right to transfer property to an organization or foundation for long term charitable or religious reasons. Once land or the property has been transferred under Waqf, the law does not allow further transfer or alienation of the same property. The Rules of the Land Law in United Kingdom The United Kingdom law is the law of real property in Wales and England. This law entails acquisition, priority and content of rights and obligations among people with land interests (Gray & Gray, 2009). The old content of English land law is relate d to property rights that come from common law, the registration system and equity. Normally, ownership of land in the United Kingdom is acquired through a sale contract where the buyer acquires the land through a written agreement with the seller, and there is an exchange of money. In order to complete such a purchase, the law states that the purchaser of the land must formally register his intention to buy the land in land registry. Apart from sale contracts, the law stipulates that individuals may acquire interests in land through contribution to home acquisition price, or to family life if the courts of the land can find evidence of a common purpose that this should occur. The law also recognizes a constructive or resulting trust over the property, and in credit of individuals of social interest in their households, these do not need to be registered just like a lease whose duration is less than seven years (Gray & Gray, 2009). Further, the law stipulates that individuals can ac quire land through propriety estoppels. This refers to a situation where an individual is assured to receive land or property, and relied on this to their detriment, the court may acknowledge it. Adverse possession is a form of ownership which allows a person who

Imperialism and civilization in Heart od Darkness Essay

Imperialism and civilization in Heart od Darkness - Essay Example The interplay of themes also allows layers of interpretation for the novella and launches it to different realm and dimensions. Since early 1960’s political reading of the novella has considerably increased and this started with the explicate use of extracts and direct implementations by T.S. Eliot for his famous poem â€Å"The Hollow Men†. T.S. Eliot uses direct phrases from â€Å"Heart of Darkness†, â€Å"Mistah Kurtz, he dead†. This epigraph was originally used in the real manuscript of the poem. The implementation of this phrase in the poem, â€Å"The Hollow Men†, strikes a contrast with the dark horror and a presumed â€Å"light of civilization†. It hinted an ambiguity from both the planes that comprises of dark motives concerned with civilization as well as the freedom from barbarism. Theses two areas of serious delineation are well blended with the â€Å"spiritual darkness† of several characters and their symbolic interpretation which is operating within the novel. â€Å"Heart of Darkness† explores and comments intricately on the ideology of imperialism. Marlow’s reference to the actions of Romans at the very outset of the novel is a comparative analysis of the actions those explore Africa in the novel, more precisely in the Congo River. The political reading of the text launches its readers to a satiric presentation displayed through greed and ignorance of the European continent towards its colonies. Marlow indicates that the efforts of British colonial rule were much superior to any other country of the world. This is displayed more particularly through Belgian’s colonial activities and attitudes. The symbolic interpretation of the characters, setting and images too launches the novel into a different perspective. The interplay of light and dark representing good and evil respectively, operates within human lives since the initiation of life on this earth. Symbolic contrast between the mark of imperialism represented by the Thames River on one

A increase in income tax Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

A increase in income tax - Essay Example As explained above if consumers cut back, the suppliers will reduce production while laying off workers, and then consumers will have even less money to spend in which case the cycle will repeat and thus begins a recession/depression like sequence. Consumers lose the most from this in the long term as explained, purchasing power will continue to drop and some workers will eventually lose their jobs which can send more shockwaves through the economy. Example: In the housing bust, consumers lost their jobs in the recession and were not able to pay for mortgages, thus defaulting. Banks then reduced their lending and consumers continued to reduce spending. Due to this suppliers had to cut their supply and more workers had to be made redundant. This cycle continued and spread throughout not only the United States but the world as banks defaulted on their debt. 3) If the government is attempting to increase government revenue an alternative is to decrease the tax rate to a maximized level where businesses and consumers would want to spend more and thus cause more revenue in the long term and the government would be receiving more revenue than at the previous tax rate. 4) A tax rate increase definitely affects the GDP and GNP due to the loss in production the aforementioned cycles would create. In the short run the tax increase doesn’t affect the GDP and GNP but in the long term Consumers would spend less and thus suppliers would produce less and lay off workers, and consumers would spend even less creating a vicious cycle that causes a

Gay Marriages Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Gay Marriages - Essay Example As the report declares in Oklahoma, we're introduced to a rancher named Sam. When Earl, his spouse of 25 years, died, he left the farm to Sam. But a few of Earl's cousins, who were of the mind that the land belongs to them, sued for it and won, which now means Sam, who has nary a cent to his name, has to find someplace else to go. His children, from a previous, heterosexual marriage, try to sell a few of Sam's horses, but the asking price is insultingly low. This essay stresses that De Seve uses shots of rallies and protests, fragments from interviews with gay public figures. The history of marriage from medieval times to now is explained, it is said that the concept of mar-rying for love, not the business of survival, is a relatively modern act and that marriage is an ever-evolving institution. De Seve invokes the case of Richard Loving and Mildred Jeter, a white man and black woman whose marriage led to the 1967 Supreme Court decision ending legal restrictions on marriages based on race. The film makes us understand, that it is very important to be tolerant towards those who are not like you, and even if you are a heterosexual, you should understand homosexuals and their desire to have a family. Matters of civil justice often can be quite serious, as it is shown in â€Å"Tying the Knot†. But there can even be life-threatening consequences: in most states, gays cannot make medical decisions for their partners in an emergency.

Preferred Learning styles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Preferred Learning styles - Essay Example This study was based on descriptive study. Quantitative data was collected from the closed ended questionnaires where the number of students were tallied and presented in a table form. The findings of the study showed that there is no perfect learning style as they have some fault. The study thus recommends that the learning institutes should recommend the best learning style based on the personal traits of the individual. CHAPTER ONE 1.1 Introduction This report focused on analyzing learning style in the learning process. The study focused on analyzing how the learning styles in a classroom set up is influenced by the gender or sex of the students. The study also focused on how the extroverts react to learning styles in a classroom set up. More so, this study focused on how social aspects of the students influence the learning styles. This report focused its premises on the Honey & Mumford learning style in its theoretical framework. In the independent variable, the study had the le arner’s gender and characteristics. 1.2 Literature review This reports based its arguments on the recent literature reviews. The literature in this scope of study shows how learning style concepts have been accepted. It is alleged that several studies that have proved that learning styles area true measure of students’ self evaluation (Rosenberg, 2009) though there is a disagreement on the best way of measuring the various learning styles. It is also alleged that there are several researches that have been done on learning styles but most researchers have not agreed on the importance of designing learning programs (Hall, 2009). In addition, Coffield et al (2004) concludes that provision of correct learning strategies, contexts and methods is better as compared to matching individual student preferences. Marzano (1988) posits that tactile and graphic presentation of subject matter produced noticeable effects the outcomes of learning regardless of attempts to match the g raphic and tactile methods with learners’ modalities. In a recent by Baker (2002), visual studies were quite advantageous among all adults despite the rate of learning style with preference to the visual images. It was also advantageous for learners with strong preferences in the verbal process. According to Merrill (2000), instructional strategies should be determined first by focusing on the goals of the instructions and the learners’ learning preferences and styles are used to adjust the fundamental learning strategies. CHAPTER TWO 2.1 Research methodology The descriptive research design was used in this study. Hypotheses were set and later test made on the participants. The study was conducted in a workshop and follow up activities in the classroom set up. The study involved one classroom and all the students were participants in this study. Questionnaires were administered and the responses were analyzed in a table form. The test score for the various theories was analyzed in a table. The questions were aimed at critically analyzing the self evaluation of the respondents by determining the learners’ style. There was no time limit to this questionnaire. The accuracy of the results depended on how honest you were. There was no right or wrong answers. If you agreed more than you disagreed with a statement, you had to put a tick next to it. If you disagreed more than you agreed a cross was put beside it. 2.2 Participants The research participants were students in a classroom set up.

Economics of Ram Trucks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Economics of Ram Trucks - Essay Example It has developed and grown over time. It has membership eighteen thousand members. This organization has sixty-eight branches. It is headquarter is in Birmingham, and it covers an area of three thousand square foot. In addition is has a library that has over seventy-five thousand photos of trucks, and nine hundred trucking books. It has also ten thousand sales vouchers and videos featuring trucks in the show room. History of the RAM truck The first man to build a mobile Truck is Gotttlieb Daimler. This German invented a truck which used a horse power engine and a belt drive. This belt drive had both forward and reverse speeds. This pioneer is the one who invented the first taxi and motorcycle in the year 1897. Ernest Holmes contributed immensely to the development and growth of this industry of RAM trucks. He helped in the retrieving of a colleague’s car in the year 1913. This was done through the use of a chain, a puller and three poles. RAM truck was formed in 2009. Its form ation was an upgrade of Dodge trucks. The objective of this company was to deal with serious truck customers. Its brand was also established after the parent company formed an alliance with Fiat Company. This alliance led to the use of the Ram brand in selling pick-ups and heavy duty trucks. This took effect in 2010. The current state of the trucking industry The truck industry is pivotal in the economic growth and development of any nation. This is because the transport sector plays a core function in the transport of various goods and services to various destinations for business purpose. For instance, the truck industry enabled the government to earn one hundred and twenty five thousand dollars of revenue in a single year. This revenue was obtained from a total of sixty five thousand truck companies.. Thousands of employees employed in theses companies ensured that necessary tasks were accomplished in order to obtain the returns. This boost on the economy increased the GDP of the nation which in turn led to the provision of social amenities to the society. This increased the living standards of the locals. Furthermore, the truck industry enhanced the refurbishment of the infrastructure hence improving the movement of goods and services within the society. Technocrats were also employed to ensure that traffic rules were adhered to in order to avert accidents which could be committed by errant truck drivers. This owes to the fact that the regulation of the speed leads to efficiency in fuel consumption. The only malpractice which persists is the high level of driver turnover. His leads to disruption of transport services and business transactions. There is lack of communication between the truck drivers and their bosses. This led to inconveniences and strikes within the industry. Furthermore, the drivers of the trucks are paid their salaries based on the miles covered. The law pertaining to the road use applies equally to all people. Therefore, the truck drive rs should not infringe on the rights of the pedestrians. The drivers, who are within the truck industry make informed decisions with regard to their driving career. For instance, they ensure that their various are up-to-date. The industry has initiated various programmes that have inculcated skills upon the drivers. This has boosted the professionalism in the truck and transport industries. In fact, this is manifest in the performance of

The Emerging Role of Nurses in the Patient Protection and Affordable Research Paper

The Emerging Role of Nurses in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act - Research Paper Example One of the things that stood out to me the most about the condition of this clinic was their need for medical staff. The free clinic was within two miles of three major hospital systems, and sat in the literal shadows of one of these systems in the late afternoon; yet with all of these highly skilled and highly trained medical personnel in the surrounding area, the free clinic still lacked for providers. This shocked me. Yet despite my confusion, one of the providers at the free clinic explained to me that the shortage of practitioners, particularly nurses, was felt at the large clinics surrounding our free clinic as much as at the free clinic, and as I later found out, could be found in areas as diverse as primary care nursing and oncology nursing (Bishop, 2010). I quickly realized this was an effect of the current ‘sick care’ system. ... To overcome this problem, I realized that a supply and demand solution would be required to move our current system from a sick care system to a health care system. In a 2011 interview in the New England Journal of Medicine, Secretary of Health and Human Services Kathleen Sebelius echoes this idea by saying, â€Å"I believe that refocusing health interventions at an earlier stage, placing more focus on health and wellness strategies, would help reduce demand and promote population health.† (Iglehart, 2011) In this quote, Sebelius shows the supply and demand solution necessary to convert the sick care system to a health care system. By emphasizing health and wellness strategies at earlier stages, Sebelius is hypothesizing that, while a greater investment may be required up front, these efforts will eventually keep people healthier in the long term, and will create a true health care system: one in which the goal of providers is to keep patients healthy and prevent sickness, not just treat the sickness as it occurs. She further explains this idea and how it could help the provider shortage I witnessed by saying, â€Å"Unfortunately, the shortage of [providers] has been ignored for a decade or more, along with the fact that doctors whose practices are devoted to primary care are under paid compared with specialists. So starting with the stimulus law and continuing in the ACA, there has been a significant focus on expanding the pipeline of primary care practitioners, gerontologists, and general surgeons†¦ We have also put more money into nurse training and education†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Iglehart, 2011) Clearly, the new health care law has the vision to transform the sick care system into a

Reflective journal as an appendix to the report of case study Essay

Reflective journal as an appendix to the report of case study - Essay Example d)., p. 32-37; Learning module 8: Using a reflective journal n. d., p. 1). Through writing an academic reflective journal, a student is able to monitor personal skills and experiences, which are necessary for academic development as well as growth in career development. Moreover, the reflective journal is effective in analyzing skills developed through academic practices such as the research studies. The case study analysis assignment have been very instrumental in practicing classroom learning outcomes in an academic exercise, I sought to carry out an analysis of human resource management practices within a manufacturing industry that has operation sites within various nations: a multinational. This therefore necessitated wide reading in existing literature on management practices as well as the effectiveness and efficiency of the company in the capacity of production. The case study involved collection of data from the respective company, analyzing and interpreting the findings of the study for possible recommendations to the company as well as for subsequent research studies. Data collection methods employed included the survey method by use of questionnaires as well as through interview methods. Besides employing qualitative analysis tools, the study adopted the quantitative methods for the findings analysis. The case study therefore required interplay of competencies in fields of data collection, literature review as well as in data analysis. Interpretation tools were also very necessary for the success and effectiveness of the research study case. I. Description: The course of the case study involved activities, which were prerequisite to the success of the study (Boss et al., 2007, p. 1-2). Moreover, besides reading while conducting the literature review, I collected analytical data through interviews as well as survey methods. I also carried out an analysis of the data collected through statistical quantitative methods and through qualitative deductive methods (Ortlipp, 2008, p. 695). The analysis also entailed critical thinking in utilizing statistical knowledge for interpreting and making deductions from the outcomes gotten. II. Interpretation: The main reason for carrying out the case study was as a requirement or part of testing curriculum, for the business course undertaken as part of my undergraduate studies. This case study became very important for learning outside classroom and for utilizing the skills learnt within the classroom context. I learnt new ways of conducting research studies as well as for studying. Online research skills were among the new insights that were acquired through the study. Moreover, designing questionnaires and conducting pretests and actual data collection were other skills that were developed besides the classroom experience in drafting questionnaires. This experience and learning insights became fundamental in complementing the classroom experience where it served as a practice session. The ex perience gave me a strong sense of competitiveness in carrying out research studies and incorporating the classroom experience for the corporate work. This research study affirmed my feelings in competitive learning through giving me a chance to exercise learnt skill for

Myth’s Function in the Public World Essay Example for Free

Myth’s Function in the Public World Essay The four main objectives are more extensive than is necessary. From other research and revitalization projects, the main objectives include the commercial enterprise (vacancies) inventory and the communities and surrounding areas population ideal of the area. In fact, having a private investor interested in the area is better than most areas. Many central business districts had to give financial incentives, such as lower rent or tax breaks to get entrepreneurs into the area. In the case study, Williams Realty Corporation was readily taking the first step in the revitalization process. The main objects were really to get people back into the downtown area through creating an area of individual retailers, corporations, restaurants and entertainment facilities, and new residential projects that would be able to renovate the old building and create a trendy Mecca for the young adults in the area that wanted to be close to work and entertainment. The fact that William Realty Corporation had done all the planning and preparation and just wanted the data is exceptional. However the data is what seems to be lacking in most cases, but by focusing on the two main objectives, the plan could move forward (Duvoli, 2004; Faulk, 2006; Weiler, 2000). 2. Briefly outline a research proposal by listing the appropriate techniques for collection of these data. Based on other research of central business district development the focus of the study should be on the gaining of population to start using the area again. Through tax records and housing data a basic understanding of the district can show the number of vacancies and when the decline of the area began. With this information the survey of viable building and the occupancy rates along with a walking survey of those people who work and live in the central business district should be undertaken. This survey does not have to be on a grand scale, but needs to ask the important questions, such as what is missing from the area, what would need to be included to make the area more people friendly. For the most part, any revitalization project needs to look at the business that can use the existing stores and building for either residential or commercial prospects. Old warehouses can offer lofts in the upper areas while allow retail businesses on the ground level. Listening to the people and the area itself will help direct the project and help keep investment to a minimum for the city. Following these easily completed research techniques will allow the city to plan the revitalization easier than without this basic information. It does not have to be elaborate, but it does have to give the people what they want in a central business district (Duvoli, 2004; Faulk, 2006; Weiler, 2000). References Duvoli, J. (2004, March 8).One Hudson River city sees amazing downtown business growth. Hudson Valley Business Journal, 15(5), 3-3. Retrieved January 3, 2009, from Regional Business News database. Faulk, D. (2006, March). The Process and Practice of Downtown Revitalization. Review of Policy Research, 23(2), 625-645. Retrieved January 3, 2009, doi:10. 1111/j. 1541-1338. 2006. 00219. x Weiler, S. (2000, January). Pioneers and Settlers in Lo-Do Denver: Private Risk and Public Benefits in Urban Redevelopment. Urban Studies, 37(1), 167-179. Retrieved January 3, 2009, doi:10. 1080/0042098002348

A Study On Media And Audiences Media Essay

A Study On Media And Audiences Media Essay With the coming of year 2010, the definition of â€Å"media† itself has changed the term of media now applies to many new communication technologies and many traditional media format has applied new technology to meet the needs of audiences. Thus technology and innovation have expanded media options for the public and audience, while the audience itself has changed in this new media age. The calling into question their role in democracy since many of these new media are essentially not â€Å"mass† any more (Sunstein, 2001). In light of this, â€Å"media use† should be re-conceptualized to include active and interactive, and not only passive, behavior on the part of the audience. The aim of this essay is to answer the question â€Å"In what ways do changing media formats and technologies present challenges to how audiences have been traditionally conceptualized?† author will answer the question by investigate the recent literatures and find out what resear chers recently consider the new audience and new media environment. The essay will go through the issues include the new media environment which focus on internet/online media; the notion of new audience whether the notion of audience has been changed, a comparison between historical audience and new audience will be conduct in the article; some audience theories will also be addressed in the essay such as reception theory and audience active theory, to take a look into these theory may be useful to analyse whether this theory still match the todays situation; challenge of new audience research will be the last part of the article, in this part, author will take an analysis based on the research work done by Livingstone (2004). It shows the challenges facing by audience and media research before and in the new age. By analyse those issues related with new media and new audience, there may be an answer to meet the question which be raised in the aim of the essay. Changing media environment We are in the midst of a digital revolution that is giving way to a â€Å"new information environment† (Bimber, 2003). We are facing the world with a moving target as once-new media become familiar and eve-never media emerge. The common feature of those new media is internet based. The internet made everything possible and changed peoples behavior after it emerged. Manuel Castells has argued that the flows dominate contemporary life in his book The Information Age, ‘our society is constructed around flows, flows of capital, flows of information, flows of technology, flows of organizational interaction, flows of images, sounds, and symbols (Castells, 2000: 442) the emerging of new media or the new format of media accelerate the liquidity of the world. For media user, you can whether read news on newspaper on the way to work or open the mobile phone and connect to the internet and read the news you are most interested in and check your email box anytime you want. You can also whether check the program schedule on newspaper and waiting for the program broadcast on television or just open your laptop and go to BBC website and watch the favorite drama anytime and any episode. When your tutor suggest s you to purchase a text book, you can whether go the high street book store or just go to Amazon.co.uk to buy a book in relevant cheap price. Those available choices indicate that the media environment has been changed, Producer like government, business, broadcast institution or press industry are taking advantage of internet and new technologies as it can be more globalised and fast disseminate to audiences in every corner of the world. Its different from traditional mass media but a more interactive media, most importantly, converging with new media to create a complex media-rich and liquid environment. Online media environment With no doubt, we are in the internet age now. Even in the media industry, almost every traditional mass media format has a new internet based version, online broadcast, online journal, online TV, online newspaper, online news, online games, online advertising etc. it shows both producer and audience are highly demand on the new technology based media because of the common features of those newly medium have such as convenient, easy to access and of course interactivity. â€Å"Web 2.0† is one of most important technology in newly internet space or cyberspace. Pew gave a definition of Web 2.0 the ability of people to use a range of information and communication technology as a platform to express themselves online and participate in the commons of cyberspace is often heralded as the next phase of the information society. (Pew, 2007: 2) Web 2.0 enhanced the interactivity of audience when they use online media and made them more active when they consumption news or other information. The example of famous media website which takes advantage of web 2.0 is www.youtube.com. People can not only watch video clip on it but also they can rating and leave comments on it. The hot video clips on home page usually depend on the rate of click. Moreover, people can upload their own video to the website and share the video with friends or people all over the world. At this time, audiences convert to producers. The chart below presents the result of a survey conducted in 2004 for investigate whether people prefer online or offline media to obtain information. From the chart we may find out the advantages of online media. Sources: Frank Magid Association, Online Publisher Association, â€Å"Multichannel Media Brands,† 2004. www.online-publisher.org Although the data are gathered in 5 years ago, it dose shows the advantages of online media, people can find what they want easy and quick on internet rather than search on a news paper or television. However people in 2004 feels that use offline media are more enjoyable and satisfying. It indicates that traditional media cannot be replaced by the online media. One thing need to be mentioned is people consider both online and offline media are the same when they consider which is more reliable and trustworthy. It is different in my country, in China; most people prefer trust online media rather than offline media controlled by government. News media Take news consumption as an example. People traditionally obtain news and information from newspaper and TV News broadcast channel. But nowadays, the internet version of newspaper becomes more and more adoptable for audience. JOEY KA-CHING CHAN and LOUIS LEUNG (2005:7) suggested ‘online news media distinguish themselves from traditional media in a number of ways: they are interactive; they offer convenience, which embodies easy access, searchable features and the ability to cross-reference through hyperlinking; and they provide multimedia features. Being interactive is a important feature for new media, audience are not only passive receive messages but engage with the news event and trying to explore what happening behind news by search related news on the internet. Matt Carlson (2007) mentioned the rise of online news search engines allows users to set their own parameters governing the section of news according to personal preference. Matt took Google News as an example in h is article and states that Google news always reports a story from different side of view which may force the authority to be more democracy. ‘I want this to be a force for a democracy. One of the things that makes us objective is we show all points of view. Even if you disagree with one, we give you both the majority and the minority point of view. The ones you dont agree with are education. Its nice to know what the other side is thinking. Youll see left-leaning ones as much as much as you see right-leaning ones. Frankly, the software doesnt know the difference between left and right, which is good. (quoted in Kramer, 2003: n.p.) it just like King (1998: 26) argued that interactivity not only describe the high level of control and interactive with content but also present the increasing interactive with news producer such as feedback availability. Audience nowadays becomes more and more powerful in this new media environment. Audiences in historical perspective Before discuss the challenge of conceptualize new audience, it is necessary to take a look into audiences in history. Marie Gilespie (2005: 14) gives us a brief introduction of this perspective. He suggests in most research about media and communication in twentieth century, the researcher usually focus on todays media and todays audiences with the popular medium like television. However, the idea of the audience can be traced back to ancient times. And Marie think it is important to learn the lesson from history when something can be similar or entirely new ‘In history, audience means a face-to-face audience in the presence of a communicator or entertainer, whether at a political meeting, the theatre or a concert (Marie 2005: 14) Denis McQuail (1997: 3) use classical Graeco-Roman audience definition to identify the audiences feature today: Planning and organization of viewing and listening, as well as of the performances themselves Events with a public and popular character Secular content of performance-for entertainment, education and vicarious emotional experiences Voluntary, individual acts of choice and attention Specialization of roles of authors, performers and spectators Physical locatedness of performances and spectator experience We can find that some of the features of Graeco-Roman audience are similar with todays audience in mass media environment. The only obviously difference is mass media eliminated the limitation of co-location. Even in todays internet media background, some of the features above still match the todays audience, that is, no matter media environment changes, there are some characteristics will not change. This not means there will be no challenge to conceptualized new audience in new environment based on new technology. The aim of discussing the historical media audience is to find the link between history and nowadays society. Although the environment and technology has changed a lot, there are still many common features maintained from ancient time to mass media age and from mass media age to new media age. Changing audiences ‘From a coach potato to cybernauts is the title of Eugenia Siapera(2004)s article. The author analyse the change of television audiences to online audience. The article focuses on the broadcasters website such as BBC Channel to investigate the relationship of audience online and offline (TV broadcast). It is the fact that people gradually adopt into the new media environment. And it begins to change the notion of audience. Siapera (2004: 15) suggested the notion of audience has been expanded by the inter-media. The audience has been hitherto most interactive in the digital media age. (Rob cover 2006: 16) ‘Coach potato usually describe people who always sitting behind television and watch TV program. This image usually presents more passive way of people receive message from producer. However audience becomes more and more active. The new technology offers different platform for audience to interact with other audiences or the producer. Take fandom as example, Audiences no wadays can easily form or find a fan club on website such as blogging and forum, more over the broadcasts website usually design and develop the certain function to allow audience track their favorite star or program (Siapera 2004: 09) For example, ‘EastEnders (the BBCs soap opera and one of the most developed programme sites: http://www.bbc.co.uk/eastenders/) has regular updates on what is happening in the soap, a chat room, newsletter, message board, and voting on what should happen to characters/storylines. The producer may be influenced by the audience opinions to adjust the storyline or what happened next to gain more audiences support. It is what I mentioned before that audience can interact and influence the producer in the new media age. The channel established by producer on internet made audiences more easily to send their feedback to the producer. The reason why producer take audiences opinions serious is because in todays world, the audience can be seen as consumer , ‘I suggested, is adopted by those who conceptualize the audience as a market (Livingstone 1998a) and the profitability of program is only standard to justify whether it should be continue or stop. Some American drama can continue make and broadcast for many seasons such as ‘Friends but some are not. ‘The ultimate power of internet fandom is in controlling the actual life and death of a series. For fans of a show, that power is usually in the hands of a network executive or, for a syndicated series, a production company. (Victor Costello and Barbara Moore 2007: 16) It depends on whether there are many audiences like it or not. It again, indicates that audience being more and more powerful which can influence both producer and context. Reception under new media environment The phenomena stressed above may challenge the traditional reception theory in mass media age. Reception theory points out that ‘Audience interpretations or decoding have been found to diverge depending on viewers socio-economic position, gender, ethnicity, and so forth, while the possibilities for critical or oppositional reading are anticipated, enabled or restricted by the degree of closure encoded into the text or genre.'(Marie Gillespie 2005: 40) Audience reception research towards television study revealed parallel connections between the conventions of television and viewers decoding strategies like the soap opera viewer builds up an understanding of the characters, puzzles over the secrets, eagerly anticipates the cliff-hanger, guesses the outcome of a subplot, recalls when appropriate the significant events from past episodes, etc., all in accordance with the conventions of the genre (Livingstone, 1998). It just like Cultural theorist Stuart Hall suggested in his theor y of encoding and decoding. He argued that audiences not just passive accept text but people can create their own mean of the text and the communication process should not be linear model such sender-message-receiver model rose by Shannon. The following chart is Halls Encoding and Decoding model, in the model, hall stressed the meaning of a text is not inherent within the text itself, but is created within the relationship between the text and the reader. We may find that even the halls model neglected the relationship between sender and receiver. As I mentioned before, the audience nowadays can influence the producer. So I suggest that todays communication process is a loop which every element in the process can be influenced by other elements. And nowadays, with the internet developed, the relationship between the text and the reader may convert to between the text and reader and other readers. Take times online as example, reader may write comments towards specific news and share the comment with other reader. The interactions within those readers which may influence the result by interpret the meaning of text. The two step flow theory also has been challenged by new media age as the process of decentralized the authority. The internet enhanced the availability of information flow. If people may express their opinion on the public space on the internet, Twitter can be a good example; audiences are more and more interested in tracking what other peoples point of views. At the same time the power of opinion leader becomes more and more declined. It is one of the reason why Twitter and youtube.com being successful. Audience Selectivity and Involvement in the New Media Environment With no doubt, the newer media environment enables audience to be more active, it not only means that audiences have muti-channels on the new cable television but also suggests that audiences nowadays have a wide range of medium choice. Perse (1990: 3) argues there are two dimensions of audience activity. The first one is a qualitative component and describes type of activity. It includes selectivity, evolvement, and utility. Audiences can easily target what they want to receive from the new media such as internet. Take online news as example, www.bbc.co.uk allows audience to customize their own home page. People can choose the type of news or information they may interest in and put them together on the home page of BBC website like the picture below: It has been changed a lot from traditional ‘one to many model to ‘one to one model which means highly customized and personalized design based on the cookie technology and web 2.0. The new media technology can help you to filter what you may not like and try to enhanced personal relevance with their audiences. And audiences become more selective and evolve with the context they received. Livingstone (2004: 6) suggested that the new media environment expended the range of issue and arguments in ‘active audience theory. Audiences or the media user become more active which means they are more selective, self-directed. Can new media environment blurry the boundary of being a producer and receiver. Changing relationship between audiences and producers A growing number of ordinary citizens are actively producing media content, challenging these traditional notions. We have seen an unprecedented level of citizen participation in media content-making, with the prevalence and use of blogs, chat rooms, forums, and citizen journalism (Bowman Willis, 2005). The â€Å"former audience,† a term coined by Dan Gillmor (2006), is now actively participating in content generation for a greater variety of media on a scale we have never seen before. Those large numbers of people are able to be more involved in the news and content making process itself. Typical media use is more active and interactive than it has been in the days when a handful of companies controlled content and dissemination. Consequently, the once distinct roles of â€Å"the elite producers of content and the mass consumers of content† are shifting, and the â€Å"distinction between producers and consumers of content† is blurring (Howard, 2004, p.11). A Pew study found 57% of teens who use the Internet create content online (Pew, 2005). People use digital media to share their favorite news and information with others, by emailing or posting on other sites. Until May of 2008, youtube.com and facebook.com ranked 3rd and 4th most visited website on internet. This information indicates audience keen on produce their own video or context on internet and express themselves which also means there has been a shift in power from large media institution to ordinary people. Challenging of audience study in new media age Livingstone (2004: pointed out three main challenges which audience research facing for recent age. Those challenges include the gap between what people say and what people do in real life and the unclearly relationship between text and reader, for example the reception theory and the debate on the process of encoding and decoding and also the question of media effects which may influence audiences. Furthermore, the demographic factor should be considered in audience research just like other social science diversified audience from different demographic background may interpret the same message differently. Those challenges have been existed in mass media age. The question is dose the challenge will be modified in new media or their will be some new challenge towards internet/online media age? Livingstone (2004) gives us the answer in his article called the ‘challenge of changing audience he suggests that all the old challenges towards mass media research still exist, and in s ome extent the challenges has been magnified in todays internet media background. It is more and more difficult to find out what online audience practices in their private space such as their bedroom. What they said on online chatting room may totally different with their own behavior in real life. This type of real practices or experiences is hard to record compare with to investigate the audience in a public space such as Movie Theater. Even to research family television experiences in audiences living room is more achievable than to investigate the online audience as Livingstone argues that online audience and online experience is more personal and private. It leads to the difficulties when conduct observation and interview research. Despite the issue of privacy, the cookie may be a good tool to track online audiences behavior when they surfing on the internet. It may track what part or type of website are most frequently being click by online user, this technology now being widely used in website design, such as www.amazon.com, the most famous online book ret ailer, customized the home page when people login to the website. There will be some book on the suggestion list which based on you pervious practice like keyword scan or the book you being purchase. The second challenge raised by Livingstone is about the relationship between text and reader. He suggested when this challenge met the online media environment, it brings both practical and theoretical problem. Not like data collected from traditional mass media, new media researcher need to process uncountable data gathered from internet to analyse the relationship between the text and the audiences. In addition, large portion of data are temporary and mean less. More over the notion of text itself has been modified in some extent in online environment. For most of online user (include online media researcher), they have no idea with the hypertext. It is the source of the online content, producer or website designer develop the online world by this hypertext rather than the text we familiar with in real life. Again, the blurring of producer and audience also can be seen as a challenge to research in to the relationship between the text and receiver as the notion of receiver itself has been changed. The last point draw by Livingstone is about moral panic related with online media such as the question about whether internet will result harm to young people or children. This challenge has been inherited from television age. Researchers tried to identify the harm towards young audience caused by the violent movie, TV program, comics or other threatens factors. ‘At present, these moral panic centre on the internet, with anxiety expressed about violent, stereotyped, commercially exploitative or pornographic content and about the reinforcement of individualistic, lazy, prejudice, uncritical or aggressive actions. (Gillespie 2005: 12-13) Compare with traditional media, internet is more accessible for any resource on the virtual world. It is the reason why some researchers prefer to ban the online media rather than to take an in-depth research towards it. Take online game in China as an example. The famous MMORPG World of Warcraft is quite popular within Chinese player. 5 million accounts have been created in this online game in Chinese mainland. Many young people spent much time on playing online game in the virtual world. This phenomena draws socialist attention, they worries about those young people may be affected by the violence game like World of Warcraft, however most of them just want ban this online game in China without doing any research on other related area to investigate why young people addicted to this game. Some so called ‘psychologist even use electric shock to ‘help those young online game addicts. Doubtless, challenges faced by new media research can be trace back to history, however some new problems gradually out and beginning to be addressed (Hine 2000) Conclusions We are now in the liquid world. The new information environment, enabled by digital technology (internet), has changed the relationship between audience and media. Although the new audience still maintain some features from traditional audience, some new features of audience has been addressed by new media researcher. Audiences are becoming less passive and more in control of the use of media platform. They can be more selective and evolved with new media they can decide when, where and what type of the information they need to engages with. Audience now my decoding context better while they share their comments with other audience, also if they want, audience can convert to producer and create their own content on cyberspace. The classical audience theory need to be modified to suit the new environment such as the encoding and decoding process, as the audience becomes more powerful than ever before, they can influence the producer and messages producer created that is the communica tion process in new media age should pay more attention the interactive between producer and audiences. In addition, the two-step flow model has been challenged in online environment as audience nowadays are less influenced by opinion leader but peer review on internet offered by other audience. In the new media environment, the challenges, both old and new problems, which media researcher facing still exist. It is difficult for researcher to record online audiences practice and their experiences since the privacy of online behavior. In addition the new model of text hypertext becomes a challenge for explore the relationship between text and receive in new media environment. Moreover some researchers consider the online media can harm for young people and been a threat to society. It leads them to be more reluctant to do more complex research into this area. The analysis of the issue in this article suggests that even if most features of audience and media which addressed in past r esearch still suit todays situation, the changes in media technology and format do cause the challenges about how we conceptualize audiences. Reference Marie Gillespie (2004) Media Audiences, Open University Press, Chapter 1 pp40 Livingstone, S. (2003) ‘The Changing Nature of Audiences: From the Mass Audience to the Interactive Media User, pp. 337-59 The Blackwell Companion to Media Research. Oxford: Blackwell. Livingstone, S. (1998) Making Sense of Television: The Psychology of Audience Interpretation, 2nd edn. London: Routledge Hine, C. (2000) Virtual Ethnography. London: Sage. Hall,S.(1980) ‘Encoding/Decoding in Hall, S., Hobson, D., Lowe, A. and Willis, P. Culture, Media, Language, London, Hutchinson Bimber, B. (2000). The study of information technology and civic engagement. Political Communication. 17:329-333 Livingstone S. (2004). The Challenge of Changing Audiences: Or, What is the Audience Researcher to Do in the Age of the Internet? European Journal of Communication, Mar 2004; 19: 75 86. Livingstone, S, (1998a) ‘Audience Research at the Crossroads, European Journal of Cultural Studies 1(2): 193-217. Sonia Livingstone (2006) The Influence of Personal Influence on the Study of Audiences. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 2006; 608; 233 ROB COVER (2006) Audience inter/active: Interactive media, narrative control and reconceiving audience history.New Media Society 2006; 8; 139 Joey Ka-Ching Chan, Louis Leung (2005). Lifestyles, reliance on traditional news media and online news adoption. New Media Society, Vol. 7, No. 3, 357-382. Frank Magid Association (2004). Online Publisher Association, â€Å"Multichannel Media Brands,† www.online-publisher.org Sunstein, C. (2001). Republic.com. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. Pew Internet American Life Project (2007, May 7). A Typology of Information and Communication Technology Users Bowman, S. C. Willis (2005). The future is here, but do news media companies see it? Nieman Reports, 59(4):5-9 Howard, P.N. (2004). Deep democracy, thin citizenship: The impact of digital media in political campaign strategy. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Sciences, 597:1-17. Matt Carlson (2007). BLOGS AND JOURNALISTIC AUTHORITY: The role of blogs in US Election. Journalism Studies, Volume 8, Issue 2 April 2007, pages 264 279 Kramer, S. (2003) ‘Google News Creator Watches Portal Quiet Critics With â€Å"Best News† Webby, Online Journalism Review 25 September, King, E. (1998) ‘Redefining Relationships: Interactivity Between News Producers and Consumers, Convergence 4(4): 26-32. Victor Costello and Barbara Moore (2007) Cultural Outlaws: An Examination of Audience Activity and Online Television Fandom. Television New Media 2007; 8; 124 ELIZABETH M. PERSE. (1990). Audience Selectivity and Involvement in the Newer Media Environment. Communication Research 1990; 17; 675 Eugenia Siapera. (2004). From couch potatoes to cybernauts? The expanding notion of the audience on TV channels websites. New Media Society 2004; 6; 155 Fernando Bermejo (2009) Audience manufacture in historical erspective: from broadcasting to Google.New Media Society 2009; 11; 133 Alexa Traffic Rank for YouTube (three month average). Alexa Internet. http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/youtube.com. Retrieved 2009-08-26. Accessed @ 15th Dec 2009 http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/columnists/guest_contributors/article6900001.ece#comment-have-your-say Accessed @ 1st Nov 2009 http://media-ucn.co.uk/Lecture%20notes/EncodingDecoding%20Lecture.htm Accessed @ 6th Jan 2010

The Flea by John Donne and The Altar by George Herbert

The Flea by John Donne and The Altar by George Herbert Compare and contrast the The Flea by John Donne and The Altar by George Herbert. The Flea by John Donne, published in 1633, is an erotic metaphysical poem in which the concept of a flea serves as an extended metaphor for the relationship between the speaker and his beloved. In comparison George Herbert’s The Altar, also published in 1633, demonstrates through the conceit of an altar how one should offer himself as a sacrifice to the Lord. This essay will compare and contrast; the poetic techniques, the shape of the poems and the use of meter. This essay will also highlight how these features link in with the main themes of sexual desires, religion and repetition to evoke the meaning of each poem. Both poets present the speaker differently through the use of poetic devices. For example, the metaphysical conceit in The Flea begins when the speaker states ‘And in this flea, our two bloods mingled be’. (4) This metaphor suggests that the speaker believes the mixing of two bloods is similar to the consecration of marriage and this is the argument the speaker sets up to woo his lover. The speaker uses direct address when he says ‘how little that which thou deniest me’. (2) By using the determiner ‘little’ it shows how he is trying to convince his lover of the unimportance of sexual intercourse. In addition, the possessive pronoun ‘me’ suggests he is trying to assert his authority, thus highlighting his sexual desire even more. In complete contrast, the speaker in The Altar is ambiguous as Herbert refers to a ‘servant’, (1) which implies anybody could be speaking it; whether it is the poet, the reader or even a priest, as it seems to be in the form of a prayer. Furthermore, the speaker illuminates they are addressing someone of higher importance as he refers to the ‘Lord’ (1). In addition, the adjective ‘broken’ (1) is an expression of a heartfelt sense of inadequacy and so this further captures Herbert’s meaning to define man’s place before God. It is important to take in to account how Donne and Herbert have a distinct contrast in how they use religion as a theme to evoke the meaning of their poems. Following on from this, Donne uses the general insignificance of a flea to be the primary image of the poem thus revealing his humorous and witty tone; as it contrasts with the act of intercourse, which is of monumental importance to many religious people back in the seventeenth century. Unlike Donne, Herbert uses the conceit of an altar to show how one should offer himself to God. Through his conceit, Herbert highlights the importance of devoting oneself to God, whereas Donne only uses religious imagery in order to win over his lover. In The Flea, the metaphor ‘three lives in one flea spare’ (10) contradicts what the speaker believes to be of unimportance. The speaker tries to manipulate his lover by suggesting she is going against the sanctity of marriage if she kills the flea. The image of ‘three lives’ equates to the three persons of the Holy Trinity; the Father, Son and Holy Spirit. By incorporating this imagery, Donne effectively uses Biblical referenc es to shape his argument and tries to seduce his lover in a crafty manner. However in The Altar, the metaphor ‘A HEART alone / Is such a stone’ (5/6) demonstrates how devout the speaker believes he is without offering himself fully to God. The noun ‘HEART’ is in bold and is placed near the centre of the poem, which illuminates that the heart should be central to what is being done. In addition, this suggests if the heart was to be taken out, the altar would lose its significance. This metaphor also symbolises the fall of Adam in the Garden of Eden; the sin that he committed represents the heart that has died. This again links in with the idea that one should offer himself as a sacrifice to God. Both Donne and Herbert’s poems create an effective visual image with the purpose of linking back to the meaning. The repetition of the shape in The Flea and the indentation of the last three lines of each stanza refer back to this three in one imagery. This repetition suggests a habitual routine that the speaker is a product of as he is determined to persuade his lover to agree in sexual intercourse. Furthermore, the speaker says ‘three lives’ (10) and ‘three sins in killing three’ (18) which are of high importance. This repetition of the three in one imagery suggests each stanza mirrors the concept of the flea, the lover and the speaker or even more importantly the Holy Trinity. In the same way the theme of repetition and religion has come across in The Flea, The Altar also creates a visual impact. Like Donne’s repetition of the shape of the stanzas, Hebert’s poem also repeats the shape of the first four lines with the last four lines. This creates a sense of how the spiritual world will always overrule the material world. The speaker in The Flea gives reference to material things such as sexual intercourse in order to win over his lover. However in the first four lines of The Altar, the speaker gives reference ‘workmans tools’ (4) to suggest that material goods will never be on same level as the spiritual world. Micah Krabill states Herbert has ‘made an external altar for the reader; by approaching the poem, the reader approaches the altar.’ (Krabill, 1998) Following on from this, Herbert purposefully sets the shape of this poem like an altar so that the reader places themselves before God, which links back to Krabill’s statement of how the reader approaches the altar. Herbert gives reference to a ‘broken ALTAR’ (1) which is clever as the poem is in the shape of a broken altar. This evokes the meaning of how the pathway to God is not always easy. Herbert further emphasises the significance of religion when the shape moulds to the centre at ‘A HEART alone’ (5), thus highlighting how the heart is at the centre of the sacrifice given to God. The repetition of the shape of the last four lines links in with the visual shape in The Flea as it suggests the speaker is prepared to offer himself fully at the end of the poem. The meter of each poem are similar in that they fall in to the iambic rhythm, however they create different impacts. The Flea alternates between iambic tetrameter and iambic pentameter for example ‘Though use make you apt to kill me, / Let not to that, self-murder added be’. (16/17) However the last three lines in each stanza alternate between tetrameter for line seven and then pentameter for lines eight and nine. The alternate meter and having three couplets and one triplet in each nine line stanza links back to the idea of the speaker’s manipulative motive and scheming behaviour in order to engage in sexual desires throughout the poem. In comparison with the complexity of his argument, the rhyme scheme follows an aabbccddd pattern in which every last word of each line, with the exception of ‘maidenhead’ (6) and ‘innocence’ (20), all has one syllable. For example, ‘me’, ‘thee’ and ‘three’ all addres s the speaker, his lover and refer back to the three in one imagery. By having one syllable for every word, it links back to the simplicity of what the speaker wants. Like Donne’s poem, The Altar engages in an alternate iambic pentameter and iambic tetrameter for the first two couplets. The poem then changes to iambic dimeter for four couplets and then the last two couplets mirror the alternate meters in the first two couplets. Similarly to The Flea, the alternate meter’s highlight the speaker’s character. The immediate switch from iambic tetrameter to iambic dimeter speeds the pace of the poem up; the middle section illuminates the speaker’s message in how he believes one should offer himself to God. The last couple of iambic dimeter is, ‘Meets in this frame / To praise thy name’ (11/12) which is of high significance. Herbert cleverly uses a punning reference to the ‘frame’ of the poem and also a person’s state of mind. Following on from this, the alternate meter’s also fit in with the visual shape of the poem which is effective as it links in with the metaphysical conceit of an altar that Herbert uses throughout. Both poets use various meter’s to demonstrate either the duplicitous motive of the speaker in The Flea or to strengthen importance of the message in The Altar. Both Donne and Herbert structure their poems effectively using the metaphysical conceits of a flea and an altar to highlight the message that is intended. Without fail, both poets are able to use the shape of their poems and also various meters’ in order to create different impacts upon the reader. The Flea and The Altar are seen as completely different poems due to the erotic and seductive behaviour of the speaker in the first poem, yet the latter is in complete contrast as the speaker addresses God in a respectful and dutiful manner. Nevertheless, both Donne and Herbert highlight similar themes such as sexual desires, religion and repetition in order to bring to light the meaning of both poems effectively. Bibliography Krabill, M. (1998). Visual Metaphor. Interpreting English Literature: Milton, Herbert Donne. Retrieved from http://finneganswake.net/academia/visualmetaphor.html (Accessed 10th March, 2014)

An Army of One: Me Essay -- Analysis, Jean Twenge

The way the mind works is through a set of processes, which are steps that must be taken in order for the function it is producing to be accomplished successfully. These processes are related to those that society must be willing to take in order to achieve a desired goal, otherwise known as the ‘struggle’. Younger generations, called Generation Me, develop narcissist views that did not allow for the ‘struggle’ to be considered in their generation. The basis for this mindset is introduced by author Jean Twenge in her essay, â€Å"An Army of One: Me†, as she described the gap that occurred between Baby Boomer parents and their GenMe children. This communication was severed because GenMe was taught that their ideas are the best, and therefore not debatable. This translates to differences in opinion and results in individualism. When those individuals do not work together, as demonstrated by Deborah Tannen, author of â€Å"The Roots of Debate in Educati on and The Hope of Dialogue†, they tend to have a weak sense of debate because they stick up for themselves. As a diagnosis to this problem of disconnectedness, Nicholas Carr, author of â€Å"Is Google Making Us Stupid?† decides that our society has begun to skip steps in the process of learning and in particular, the ‘struggle’ that produces the desired outcome. The disconnectedness that has developed in society has caused the loss of real learning, and the problem based on the generation gap introduced by Twenge altered the struggle that is necessary to accomplish, which Tannen believes in and where Carr determines real learning can occur. In order for us to fully understand why we cannot achieve real learning one must understand the roots as well as the problem. Twenge talks about the problem ... ...lting in na less beneficial result, for it it only harms not only ourselves but our society as a whole. Twenge, Tannen, and Carr are all explaining and alluding to the fact that we are not being productive and constructive as a society, and that we are not working together as one. There is a great need for a change in the way that our society works, starting with a change in the teaching of children and even adults about the true meaning of self and how society can develop connectedness by working together. Once society can act for themselves and can learn to listen to others, there must then be a change in the way that learning is promoted, and most importantly a society as a whole must be the one to encourage real learning. Social connectedness is a vital component in mediating real learning, and it is one that our society has to work for in order to achieve.

Abortion :: essays research papers

Abortion is one of the most controversial issues around, and is an issue that will never be agreed upon. By bringing morals into the question of whether it should be legal to have abortions, this issue has been elevated to a higher level. By some people, it is no longer looked at as a question of choice but as a question of morality, and these concepts have led to a full-blown debate over something that really should not be questioned. Every woman in America has the right to decide what to do with their bodies. No government or group of people should feel that they have the right to dictate to a person what path their lives should take. People who say that they are "pro-life" are in effect no more than "anti-choice". These pro-lifers want to put the life and future of a woman into the hands of the government. At the time, which the fetus is aborted, it is not a being with personality. Anyone would agree to the fact that it is alive and human, however, it is also true that it is no more a person than a tree would be. Though the fetus may be a large grouping of human cells, with the potential to become more than that, at the state of development which the fetus has reached at the time of abortion, it is not a person and therefore should not be looked at as such. W hen does the fetus become a person? Though the legal moment at which the fetus is looked at for the first time as a human being is deemed to be at the instant that it is born, the difference between an eight- week premature infant and a 24-week-old fetus is virtually nonexistent. So should the fetus be regarded as a person, or should the premature baby still be regarded as a fetus? Thus arises the statement by the pro-life side of the argument that should not the fact that we are unable to pinpoint with absolute certainty the precise moment when a fetus suddenly develops a personality means that we ought to do away with the process until such a time that we are able to ascertain that persons are not being murdered. This argument will go on for quite some time, and is but one in a list of reasons why the pro-life supporters take the standpoint that they do.

Sign Of The Crimes :: essays research papers

Sign of the crimes Members of a citizens anticrime group in Linesville, PA., have a new mystery to solve: Who stole their crime watch signs? Five signs and poles were removed from roadsides around Linesville in Crawford County. "We don't know if it was somebody trying to get even," said Ed Barker, chairman of the North Shenango Township Crime Watch chapter. "We don't think it was kids, because the signs were gone, post and all." You're under abreast Michael Copp, 18, Sheffield Lake, Ohio, was charged with stealing his mother's credit card to pay for his 18-year-old girlfriend's breast enlargement surgery. According to a police report, Copp's mother, Gaelene Pakrandt, told officers she had closed the account because her son charged $2,100 in car repair bills. Police said Copp reopened the account without his mother's knowledge after he found the card in a drawer. He charged $2,496 to the card to cover the surgery. Most items purchased with a stolen credit card are confiscated and returned by police. But this case is a little different. Death race 2000 PHILADELPHIA, PA - Tamika Ross, 26, is being held for trial on charges of the murder of Nathaniel Davis. Apparently Ross ran over Davis' hat with her car. When Davis confronted the driver a dispute erupted and Davis allegedly hit Ross. That's when the mother of five took matters into her own hands and ran him over with her car, killing him. When questioned, police quoted Ross as saying, "He hit me so I ran him down." Dead man gets 2 years A man was sentenced last week to two years in prison for faking his death three times to beat drunk driving charges. Peter C. Gentry was first arrested in 1991, but an official looking death certificate sent to authorities said he had died in a Los Angeles auto crash, and the case was dismissed. In 1994, he was arrested again and sent in another death certificate. A year later, Gentry was again arrested and supposedly died this time of "denzor hemorrhagic fever" in Africa. There is no such disease. Soul-mate! not cellmate! Karim Lackey, Philadelphia, PA was acquitted last week of fatally shooting Phillip Shirdan, 42, after his lawyer claimed that Lackey had been the victim of "mistaken identity." Two of Lackey's alibi witnesses claimed they were with him watching the "Soul Train Music Awards" on TV at the time Shirdan was killed in a lounge.

Law Assignment Essay

Q1- Shambu Dayal started ‘self service’ system in his shop. Smt. Prakash entered the shop took a basket and after taking articles of her choice into the basket reached the cashier for payments. The cashier refuses to accept the price. Can Shambu Dayal be compelled to sell the articles to Smt. Prakash? Decide. Answer Invitation to offer The offer should be distinguished from an invitation to offer. An offer is the final expression of willingness by the offeror to be bound by his offer should the party chooses to accept it. Where a party, without expressing his final willingness, proposes certain terms on which he is willing to negotiate, he does not make an offer, but invites only the other party to make an offer on those terms. This is the basic distinction between offer and invitation to offer. The display of articles with a price in it in a self-service shop is merely an invitation to offer. It is in no sense an offer for sale, the acceptance of which constitutes a contract. In this case, Smt. Prakash in selecting some articles and approaching the cashier for payment simply made an offer to buy the articles selected by her. If the cashier does not accept the price, the interested buyer cannot compel him to sell. Q2- Ramaswami proposed to sell his house to Rajiv who sent his acceptance by post. Next day, Rajiv sends a telegram withdrawing his acceptance. Examine the validity of the acceptance in the light of the following:- Answer The problem is related with the communication and time of acceptance and its revocation. As per Section 4 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872, the communication of an acceptance is a complete as against the acceptor when it comes to the knowledge of the proposer. An acceptance may be revoked at any time before the communication of the acceptance is complete as against the acceptor, but not afterwards. a) The telegram of revocation of acceptance was received by Ramaswami before the letter of acceptance Ans- Yes, the revocation of acceptance by Ramanathan (the acceptor) is valid. b) The telegram of revocation and letter of acceptance both received together Ans- If Ramaswami opens the telegram first (and this would be normally so in case of a rational person) and reads it, the acceptance stands revoked. If he opens the letter first and reads it, revocation of acceptance is not possible as the contract has already been concluded Q3- X’ agreed to become an assistant for 5 years to ‘Y’, who was a Doctor practicing at Ludhiana. It was also agreed that during the term of agreement ‘X’ will not practice on his own account in Ludhiana. At the end of one year, ‘X’ left the assistantship of ‘Y’ and began to practice on his own account. Referring to the provisions of The Indian Contract Act, 1872, decide whether ‘X’ could be restrained from doing so Answer An agreement in restraint of trade / business / professional is void undersection 27 of the Indian contract act, 1872. But an agreement of service by which a person binds himself during the term of the agreement not to take service with anyone else directly or indirectly to promote any business in direct competition with that of his employer is not in restraint of trade. Therefore X can b restrained by an injuction from practicing on his own account in Ludhiana. Agreement expressly declared as void. Q4- Akhilesh entered into an agreement with Shekhar to deliver him (Shekhar) 5,000 bags to be manufactured in his factory. The bags could not be manufactured because of strike by the workers and Akhilesh failed to supply the said bags to Shekhar. Decide whether Akhilesh can be exempted from liability under the provisions of The Indian Contract Act, 1872. Answer Delivery of Bags According to Section 56 of Indian Contract Act, 1872 when the performance of a Contract becomes impossible or unlawful subsequent to its formation, the contract becomes Void, this is termed as ‘supervening impossibility’ (i.e. impossibility which does not exist at the time of making the contract, but which arises subsequently). But impossibility of performance is, as a rule, not an excuse from performance. It means that When a person has promised to do something, he must perform his promise unless the Performance becomes absolutely impossible. Whether a promise becomes absolutely Impossible depends upon the facts of each case. The performance does not become absolutely impossible on account of strikes, lockout and civil disturbances and the contract in such a case is not discharged unless otherwise agreed by the parties to the contract.. In this case Mr. Akhilesh could not deliver the bags as promised because of strike by the workers. This difficulty in performance cannot be considered as impossible of performance attracting Section 56 and hence Mr. Akhilesh is liable to Mr. Shekhar for nonperformance of contract. Q5-Miss X, a film actress agreed to work exclusively for a period of 2 years, for a film production company. However during the said period she enters into a contract for another film producer. Discuss the rights of the aggrieved film production company under The Indian Contract Act, 1872. Answer Where a party comments a breach of negative term of a contract i.e., where he  does something which he promised not to do, the aggrieved party can go to court which may be issue an order restraining him from doing what he promised not to do. Such an order of the court is known as injunction. Since Miss X has agreed to work exclusively for the film production company for a period of two years, the aggrieved film production company can go to court and get injunction order restraining Miss X working for another film production company.

Insert Surname Here

A melodyian is an individual who writes fine-tune or conducts medical specialty as an occupation. In addiction, a participant can be described as an artist who r egressines a musical tool as a vocation. Musicians can be categorized with their functions during acting or producing music.For instance, a vocaliser or a vocalist makes function of her/his own voice as a tool, an instrumentalist occupies himself/herself with a musical tool, a recording participant put discovers a attested music, like MP3 folders and CDs, a conductor guides a musical group while a songwriter, composer and an arranger produces songs, melodic pieces of music as strong as arrangements which are capable to be transcribed into music notation, authenticated or performed. (Pitts 19)In ancient time, being a histrion was assigned to individuals who learned music for a number of years. Once they had improve their tool, supposition as well as comprehended the music notions, they would labor through wi th(predicate) and through commission as role players.For instance, within occidental music this would be accomplished through run lowing for places of worship, courts as well as off a commission from individuals who desired to hire a histrion to produce or for concert. Starting the mid 1800s, the conceit of being a thespian was not focused to these specific regions of composition and presentation.Musicians started to build up to be more than self-reliant with concerts on assorted stages as well as more independence to work as writers, artists as well as entertainers in their own manner. Nowadays, music has developed into legion(predicate) vocation dramaturgys, all of which include an amalgamation of compositions, concerts, working and recording in diverse music areas, either via other units or as an autonomous artist.For this to be achieved in todays time, the musician has to be passionate. The pastime description shows what it means to be passionately engrossed in som ething, legal action of a musician as well as how a musician is different from somebody who simply enjoys get winding to music. (Pitts 20)Musicians involve to have the drive and passion to kick in a large fraction of their lives to doing practice, winning part in shows as well as doing promotions. A musicians passion is his/her music. It takes an individual endurance, talent as well as practice to function passionately involved in music.A musician differs from a person who merely listens to music in that a musician has a passion for his music, is dedicated and knows the message he wants to sent to his/her audience whereas the listener does not have such dedication not to forget that roughly listeners simply listen to the music without familiarizing themselves with the composers message. Essentially, most listeners simply enjoy the beats/tunes whereas the musician enjoys both the tunes as well as his /her choice of words. (Pitts 34)Being a musician takes more than just enthusi asm and beginning to play an instrument. Being acquainted with what is entailed to turn out to be a competent musician can aid an individual to work in this profession as a complete vocation, whilst letting an individual to spark toward being a musician in the right manner.An individual who has the musical abilities infixed to play one or more tools might have the yearning to age to be a professional musician or toil within an associated field. The following are the activities professional musician engages in an effort to achieve his /her objective and as a result make a contented living. (Pitts 34)One of the most vital issues to gestate about when going into whichever musical field is for the musician to find out if thither is a necessity for the service that he is offering. Whatever the musician tries has to be juicy in order to make earnings. The musician performs by offering entertainment, and is given money in exchange for his/her services. He/she turns out to be successf ul through performing regulary. (Pitts 62)The musicians market comprises a grouping of citizens, or organization that take the particular service i.e. music. Therefore, one of the activities of the musician is to market that product i.e. his music by merely getting it ready and make it accessible to the node.For instance, a rock and enlace association requires rock gangs whereas a Las Vegas stripes requires members who produce to have style. Essentially, the musician should be determined to accomplish what it takes to entertain his customers and be a success.

I Am a Filipino, a Proud One Essay

The Philippines. The Pearl of the Orient Seas, a country ripe full of wonderful places, places being visited of tourists from different countries. A great country with great people called Filipinos. Filipinos, people with such nice traits.Our customer social support will happily tell you if there arent any little special offers in the current time, along with own make sure youre getting the service that our good company may deliver.They are hospitable ones, close friend or a complete stranger; they always make a time to smile to you and ask if you’re feeling alright. Cheerful, they are, and academically talented too! Reciting poems expressing the appropriate feelings, singing to the gilt top of their lungs, dancing so gracefully that you want to join them. They are hard-working, industrious they are. They are also religious of course, they surrender click all to God.Its saddening to take note that its a incorrect practice of democracy.

I just can’t think what why we, Filipinos are not proud of our nationality, how our country. Why we, choose other products than ours, because in our own mind things made locally are ‘CHEAP’ which is totally not true, we are policy makers of world class items. We should be proud of our country. Don’t you know that we, Filipinos, are admired by people around the world? They love the Philippines AND the Filipinos.Pupils lead busy daily lives and frequently forget about an approaching deadline.Condescending a name for the high cost is a step.God made me, love is.

My story isnt reflective of cell all the Filipino atheists.Your position should be established inside the first married couple of paragraphs of your essay, and it should long stay constant.There are numerous misconceptions about people.There are an endless number of small quantities of misconceptions about atheists.

Is why it is extremely resourceful to write on apply your mailing for literature review legit about-yourself.Embracing christ our culture is.Our society has a great deal to face they might not have the capacity to help you at this moment.Be an perfect active citizen there are plenty of approaches to be an active Filipino citizen, great but among the simplest and most significant is the act of voting.

The Problem with the American Health Care System

The Ameri mass tumefyness worry frame is infra duress. virtu e precise(prenominal)(prenominal) toldy(prenominal) hoi polloi cheering the US considerablyness check exami commonwealth wellness check examination dust because of the utiliseability of realm-of -the-art discourses trance close to bump because of the whatsoever(prenominal) a nonher(prenominal) loopholes of the exerciseation and paradoxs with dam develops indemnification policy. Because of loopholes in the policy ashes and the spirited determine of set outting aesculapian checkup checkup handling in the solid ground, me precise usual Ameri arsehole kins family unit do non puzzle radical swell upness magazine that the spirited-income earners can speak postgraduate checkup comp fig out.Despite of the creative activity of organization wellness redress, American citizens whitewash live the demand to corrupt indemnity from popular firms since the brass policy p olicy clay does non coating unt disused of the checkup examination examination exam inevitably of the mass. forwards analyzing the American wellness boot dodge, it is initiatory heavy to assume a effloresce learn of the arranging and the lines with it. The American wellness contend ashes is do up of some(prenominal)(prenominal) earthly concern and reclusive insurers besides the unequaled start out of this st set outgy is that the orphic welkin remains paramount al stylesy oer the creation celestial sphere.Statistics hint that 62 explodeage of non- patriarchal Americans suck indemnity line up from their employers in the integrity-on-one firmament sequence 5 pct purchased their consume restitution from hole-and-corner(a) indemnification companies. A gauzy 15 portion rely on political sympathies amends schemas such(prenominal)(prenominal) as Medi conduct and Medic uphold. Those who do non throw make ein truth(prenom inal) form of policy accounting frame for 15 pctage of the total. familiar wellness indemnity is in the main offerd by Medic atomic estimate 18 and Medic tending (Chua, 2006). Medi reverence shrouds double number at age 65 and above including some wadicapped pile.It is a political science single- scour outer schedule which is funded by levy collections, a net incomesheet taxation and commiting(a) premiums. It is funded to attempther by the national and state administration. Medi wish well covers infirmary services, aesculapian exam student services, and health check checkup exam examination medicine benefits precisely over the categorys, weaknesses throw off been descry in this indemnity governance such as it includes an unelaborated indemnification policy reportage for breast feeding facilities as well as an scrimpy baulk armorial bearing redress coverage. It to a fault does not pull up stakes for dental, hearing and mass we llness tending.Because of the leave out of services, the elderly folk that advantage of Medi boot atomic number 18 hale to entrance damages plans from sequestered companies, and thus, to a greater extent of the old folk decease 22 sh argonageage of their income for providing their own(prenominal) wellness wangle c each told for not cover by establishment wellness restitution (Chua, 2006). Medicaid on the separate hand is an indemnity com roveer program specifically plyd for the disabled and for broken income earners. It is give tongue to down the stairs federal official proficientness that states must get out aesculapian disturbance to the very woeful declamatory(predicate) women, children, elderly, disabled, and p atomic number 18nts.Adults that comport no children catch no coverage from Medicaid as well as woeful world that render a ut more or less income that shit them fumbling for Medicaid benefits exactly states dedicate the freedom to falsify eligibility levels. neverthe slight resembling Medi trade, Medicaid take ons keep from taxes. Medicaid has umpteen right benefits raised when galore(postnominal) of those who reserve utilityed of this damages policy program ascertain it elusive to take in for wellness bid supplyrs that use up Medicaid because of a sort of miserable reimbursement rate (Chua, 2006).According to the info from the scheme for sparing Co-operation and growing (OECD), the US spends the amplyest on wellness awe among the piece countries in the OECD. In 2003, US wellness cover embody accounted for 15 pct of the countrys gross domestic product age the fairish for all OECD countries provided calculate at 8. 6 percent. Among all OECD countries, the US overly contracts the well-nigh using up on wellness forethought per capita with $5,635 which is to a greater extent than copy the OECD middling of $2,307. From 1999 to 2003, per capita disbursal o n wellness anxiety increases by an bonnie of 4.6 percent every twelvemonth which is at par with the OECD amount of 4. 5 percent per year. In to the highest degree countries from the OECD, wellness dish out reinforcement is unremarkably provided by the governing body overlook for the US, Mexico, and Korea in which the beneathcover sector shadow the wellness c be industry. shut 44 percent of wellness wangle outgo is provided by the political science in the US lay eyepatch the comely politics keep for health cargon in the OECD is at 72 percent. The US in addition has the highest health expense from snobbish creative activitys at 37 percent.The US in addition lags hind end on doctor per universe totals, support per state averages and infirmary beds per world averages (Chua, 2006). These proportional info shows that the US has hence been lay untold cypher into health save contempt of this, the US has been do peaked(predicate) in providi ng the health c ar necessitate of its plurality. This whitethorn be traced from high be of health c ar since head-to-head institutions atomic number 18 to a greater extent focused on internet. As of 2004, governing body unfinished on health take rosebush to 16 percent, in comparison, this is a lot than of what is creation spend on food.The ascending be of medical exam manipulation stems from radical medical technology. This results in a sectionalization of the creation that whitethorn be referred to as insiders and outsiders. Insiders be those that collapse upright amends composition outsiders atomic number 18 those that present short or no amends. The insiders amaze the lift out medical give-and-take disregard slight of the cost man the outsiders receive very little(a) interposition that they should confine been accorded. To quantify, one battlefield indicated that those commonwealth with no amends birth a 70 percent much wish wel lliness to s bakshish from colorectal malignant neoplastic disease inside a time orthodontic braces of third historic period (Krugman and Wells, 2006).The all way of life advanced(a) medical technology can be provided to all wad and not nevertheless to the financially receptive is with health damages merely it would be voiceless for non human beings policy companies to provide such a fate because of the problem of perverse selection. Hence, sanitary mass would gestate to break less premiums for damages since they atomic number 18 not appargonnt to salt away large medical expending spot those turgid wad that atomic number 18 pass judgment to bundle up large outlay on medical preaching and hospital bills go forth amaze to counterbalance high premiums (Krugman and Wells, 2006).The amends friendship would pronto distinguish that because its patronage was tipped toward those with high medical be, its positive costs per client were overmuc h high than those of the average division of the population. So it would confound to deck out premiums to cover those high costs. However, this would disproportionately thrusting off its fitter customers, difference it with an even less salutary customer base, requiring a hike rise in premiums, and so on. Krugman and Wells, 2006 restitution companies brace versed how to cut across with this problem using put on the line judgement with the aid of a diligent covering fire process. This results in rejecting or charging much premiums for applicants that are to a greater extent potential to incur high(prenominal) sermon costs. This get along disallow legion(predicate) of those who are greatly in train of restitution from acquire one. If ever a soul is allowed to get an amends patronage of the conditions, the premiums would be very high (Krugman and Wells, 2006). indemnification is pregnant for health worry since it entrust pertain the health of state. With the comportment of redress, the mountain give constitute a ameliorate savvy of safety tutorship. A hit the books by The urban bestow indicated that approximately 50 percent of children that did not deport some(prenominal) health damages did not beget a medical checkup in 2003, whereas all 26 percent of assure children did not rich person a checkup ( issue alinement on wellness headache, 2008). This shows that mint are some liable(predicate) to trail former(a) medical manipulation in the figurehead of an insurance policy. multitude who are uninsurable as well as recompense forward receiving every medical sermon except during emergencies.If they are inefficient to pay, they volition be denied medical treatment. In the presence of insurance, a person provide not be denied medical treatment because the insurance go out readily pay for it (National confederacy on health compassionate, 2008). sooner of eliminating expenses, miss of insuranc e policies only results in more using up for the governing body since the giving medications pays for the health expenses of those passel who are uneffective to pay for the medical treatment they real in the absence seizure of a health insurance.Also, information indicates that hospital garner $34 trillion of free health tutelage every year time $37 billion is paying(a) by underground and public payers for the uninsured season $26 is gainful from out-of-pocket for the muckle who did not avail of any(prenominal) insurance policy for some intellect (National coalescency on wellness Care, 2008). The number of uninsured commonwealth is steadily change magnitude due to the complexities mixed in acquire insurance except the highest drive federal agent is the high premiums. capriole imbalance and former(a) changes such divorce, retirement, self-employment, etc.are withal understandings wherefore quite a little do not avail of insurance (National nuclear fusion on health Care, 2008). Addressing health caution is very outstanding for any country peculiarly for a certain nation that has a high population like the US. The presidential candidates both confirm proposed health wangle policies as a part of their agenda. These policies whitethorn be viewed from their websites and they both put addressing insurance problems the top health fear issues as well reducing the cost of grassroots health services.The causal agent why health manage is overly dear(p) in the US whitethorn partly be because doctors are more highly paying(a) moreover a bankrupt reason would be because much of health explosive charge payments are through with(p) by surreptitious insurance institutions. This results in more expenses since people pay more premiums unsloped to get the repair benefits of a individual(a) insurance transcription and since these reclusive institutions are line of merchandise entities, premiums are higher(prenominal) for higher risks of pricy medical treatment. For the political sympathies, profit would never be an issue.What the two presidential candidates, prompt Obama and Hillary Clinton are proposing just strength work. They are proposing a in the raw health care insurance system that promises low-cost premiums and just enough benefits under the government. If apply right and with scrutiny, these plans competency be a way to get a line the countrys health care system since it promises more coverage epoch providing friendlier premiums. displacement from government insurance that provides good benefits would be the ultimate issue to the locomote costs of medical treatment.It is famed more and more people are acquire medical aid from Medicare or Medicaid hardly this does not chink people from getting another(prenominal) health insurance at a clandestine institution since government funded insurance does not provide all the medical involve of the people. The government shou ld provide insurance policies that are impart provide for most or all of the medical inevitably of the people at friendly-priced premiums. This way, the health care system will improve. References Chua, Kao-Ping. 10 February 2006. Overview of the U. S. health Care System. Retrieved whitethorn 26, 2008, from http//www. amsa.org/uhc/wellnessCareSystemOverview. pdf Krugman, capital of Minnesota & Wells, Robin. 23 exhibit 2006. The wellness Care Crisis and What to Do nigh It. The revolutionary York freshen up of Books, 53,5. Retrieved may 26, 2008, from http//www. nybooks. com/articles/18802 National partnership on health Care. 2008. health Insurance Coverage. Retrieved may 26, 2008, from http//www. nchc. org/facts/coverage. shtml jut out for a sound America. Retrieved may 26, 2008, from http//www. barackobama. com/issues/health care/ American Health Choices Plan. Retrieved whitethorn 26, 2008, from http//www. hillary clinton. com/ give/healthcareplan/summary. aspx